ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE - Protective effect of Ocimum basilicum essential oil on Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced breast tumor in mice
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide.7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is one of the xenobiotics that are implicated in various toxicological conditions including carcinogenesis. This study was conducted to assess the protective effect of Ocimum basilicum essential oil on Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced breast tumor in mice.
Method: Sixty (60) adult female mice were randomized into five groups (A-E) each containing twelve (12) mice: Group A- Control received distilled water, Group B- DMBA induced only, Group C- DMBA induced+100mg/kg bodyweight (bwt) essential oil, Group D- DMBA induced+200mg/kg bwt essential oil and Group E- DMBA induced + Tamoxifen, respectively. The animals were treated with Ocimum basilicum essential oil for 14 days. At the end of 14 days, assays for serum catalase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and glutathione-s- transferase also IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-κB and fragmented DNA were done.
Result: Histopathology analysis of the skin of the mammary gland shows that DMBA-induced mice possessed enlarged skin tissue with epidermal necrosis and disruption of the entire layers of the skin, this suggesting tissue damage and cancer while positive control and group administered with Ocimum basilicum essential oil showed preserved epidermal, dermal and subcutaneous layers. There is increase in levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-κB, fragmented DNA, SOD,CAT, GST activities and GSH level in the group administered with Ocimum basilicum essential oil when compared with the negative control.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Bray F, McCarron P, & Perkin MD (2004). The Changing global patterns offemale breast cancer incidence and mortality. Breast Cancer Res. 6: 229 – 239.
Ray A, Nkhata K, Grande J, & Cleary MP (2007). Diet-induced obesity and mammary tumor development in relation to estrogen receptor status. Cancer Lett., 253: 291 – 300.
Azubuike SO & Okwuokei SO (2013). Knowledge, attitude and practices of women towards breast cancer in Benin City, Nigeria. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 3:155–60.
Hanahan D & Weinberg RA (2000). The hallmarks of Cancer. Cells, 100:70-72
Coussens LM & Werb Z (2002). Inflammation and cancer Nature. 26:8607-8608.
Schieber M & Chandel NS (2014). ROS function in redox signaling andoxidativestress. Curr. Biol. 24: 453–462.
Barja, G. (2002). Rate of generation of oxidative stress-related damage and animallongevity.Free Radic. Biol. Med.33: 1167–1172.
Kundu JK & Surh YJ(2012). Emerging avenues linking inflammation and cancer.FreeRadic. Biol. Med. 52:2013–2037.
Alamode TT. (2013). An overview of the anti-cancer properties of some plants used intraditional medicine in Nigeria. Int Res J Biochem Bioinform; 3(1):7–14.
Duke JA, Bogenschutz-Godwin MJ, DuCellier J, & Duke PAK (2008). Handbookof Medicinal Herbs, 2nd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp. 60–62.
Fernandes PC, Facanali R, Teixeira JPF, Furlani PR, Marques MOM (2004). Cultivodemanjeric~ao em hidroponia e em diferentes substratos sob ambiente protegido, Hortic. Bras. 22 :260-264.
Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R, Rajeswary M, & Yogalakshmi K (2013). Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of essential oil from Ocimum basilicum (L.) against Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus and Anopheles subpictus (Diptera: Culicidae), Exp. Parasitol. 134: 7-11.
Gbolade AA, Oyedele AO, Sosan MB, Adewoyin FB, Soyelu OL (2000).Mosquito repellent activities of essential oils from two Nigerian Ocimum species, J. Trop.Med. Plants 1:146-148.
Kumar A, Shukla R, Singh P, & Dubey NK (2010). Chemical composition, antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activities of Ocimum sanctum L. essential oil and its safety assessment as plant-based antimicrobial, Food Chem. Toxicol. 48: 539 - 543.
Rold LP, Díaz GJ, & Duringer JM (2010). Composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils obtained from plants of the Lamiaceae family against pathogenic and beneficial bacteria, Rev. Colomb. Ciencias Pecu. 23: 451-461.
Simon JE, Chadwick AF, & Craker LE. (1984). Scientific literature on selected herbs, and aromatic and medicinal plants of the temperate zone. Archon Books: pp170-172, Hamden.
Mohanlal S, Parvathy R, Shalini V, Mohanan R, Helen A, & Jayalekshmy A. (2012). Chemical indices, Antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effect of extracts of the medicinal rice “Njavara” and staple varieties. J. Food Biochem. 36: 1–12.
Sawadogo WR, Maciuk A, Banzouzi JT, Champy P, Figadere B, & Guissou IP (2012). Mutagenic effect, Antioxidant and anticancer activities of six medicinal plants from Burkina Faso. Nat. Prod. Res. 26(6): 575–9.
Beric T, Nikolic B, Stanojevic J, Vukovic-Gacic B, & Knezevic-Vukcevic J. (2008). Protective effect of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) against oxidative DNA damage and mutagenesis. Food Chem Toxicol. 46(2): 724-32.
Kusirisin W, Srichairatanakool S, Lerttrakarnnon P, Lailerd N, Suttajit M, & Jaikang C.(2009). Antioxidative activity, Polyphenolic content and anti-glycation effect of some Thai medicinal plants traditionally used in diabetic patients. Med. Chem.5 (2): 139-147.
Pedreschi R & Cisneros-Zevallos L. (2006). Antimutagenic and antioxidant properties of phenolic fractions from Andean purple corn (Zea mays L.). J. Agric. Food Chem. 54(13): 4557–4567.
Ibrahim RY, Mansour SM, & Elkady WM. (2020). Phytochemical profile and protective effect of Ocimum basilicum aqueous extract in doxorubicin/irradiation-induced testicular injury. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 72(1):101-10.
Paterson GR. (1982). British Pharmacopoeia. Can Med Assoc J.126 (5):514–515.
Ruch RJ, Cheng SJ, & Klaunig JE (1989). Carcinogenesis, Rely. Chim. Acta.,10: 1003-1008.
Yen GC & Chen HY (1995). Antioxidant activity of various tea extracts in relation to their antimutagenicity. J Agric Food Chem. 43:27–32.
Garrat DC. (1964). The Quantitative analysis of Drugs. Chapman and Hall Ltd., Japan.3: 456-458.
Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, & Berset C. (1995). Use of free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensm Wiss Technology. 28:25-30.
Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggent A, Pannala A, Yang M, & Rice-Evans C.(1999).Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay.Free Radical Biol med. 26(9-10):1231-7.
Beers RF & Irwin W (1952). Sizer,a spectrophotometric method for measuringthe breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase, Journal of Biologica Chemistry. 195,1: 133-140.
Misra HP & Fridovisch I (1972). The role of Superoxide Anion in theAutoxidation of Epinephrine and a Simple Assay for Superoxide Dismutase. JournalofBiological Chemistry,247:3170-3175.
Benge JA & Aust SD, (1978). Estimation of serum Malondialdehyde level in hoffee. P. A and Jones M.E. (eds), Methods in Enzymology Hoffee Jones. Academic Press, New York, San Francisco, London, A Subsidinary of Harcoart BraceJovanovich, Publisher, 51: 302-305
Habig WJ, Pabst MJ, & Jacoby WB (1974). Glutathione S-transferase, the first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J. Biol. Chem. 249: 7130-7139.
Ellman GL. (1959). Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 82: 70-77.
Burton KA (1956). Study of the conditions and mechanism of the diphenylaminereaction for the colorimetric estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochem J.62(2):315-323.
Zajkowska TM, Hermanowska-Szpakowiez T, Pancewics SA, Kondrusi KM, & Swiorzbinska R (2002). Serum concentration of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in patient with chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon alpha a preliminary.47:276-86.
Lawrence B (1988). Further examination of the variation of Ocimum basilicum L. Developments in Food Science. 18:161–170.
Sabiu S, Wudil AM, & Sunmonu TO (2014). Combined administration of Telfaira occidentalis and Vernonia amygdalina leaf powders ameliorate garlic-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Pharmacologia 5: 191–198.
Jagadeesh R, Raaman N, Periyasamy K, Hariprasath L, Thangaraj R, Srikumar R, & Ayyappan, SR (2010). Proximate analysis and antibacterial activity edibleMushroom Volvariella bombycina. Int. J. Microbiol. Res. 1(3): 110-113.
Girón N, Través PG, Rodríguez B, López-fontal R, Boscá L, & Hortelano S, (2008). Supression of inflammatory responses by labdane-type diterpenoids. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 228:179–189.
Salawu MO, Muhammed I, Ayuba AK, & Oloyede HOB (2022). Protective Effects of Aqueous Extract of Bay Leaf(Laurus Nobilis) on Endotoxin-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rabbits, Journal of Herbs, Spices &Medicinal Plant, DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2087819
Bandyopadhyay D, Timchenko N, Suwa T, Hornsby PJ, Campisi J, & Medrano EE (2001). The human melanocyte: a model system to study the complexity of cellular aging and transformation in non-fibroblastic cells. Exp. Gerontol. 36:1265–1275.
Bolden JE, Peart MJ, & Johnstone RW (2006). Anticancer activities of histonedeacetylase inhibitors. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov.5, 769–784.
Guttridge DC, Albanese C, Reuther JY, Pestell RG, & Baldwin AS. (1999).NF-kappaBcontrols cell growth and differentiation through transcriptional regulation of cyclin D1. Mol Cell Biol, 19:5785–5799.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.